Results

Structural Equation Models

Models Info

Estimation Method	ML	.
Optimization Method	NLMINB
Number of observations	200
Free parameters	22
Standard errors	Standard
Scaled test	None
Converged	TRUE
Iterations	75
Iterations	75
Model	f1=~read+write+math+science
	f1=~c(1,1)*write
	f1=~c(a,b)*read


Multi-group variable	female (2)
[3] [4]

Overall Tests

Model tests
Label	X²	df	p
User Model	9.56	8	0.298
Baseline Model	406.95	12	<.001

Constraints score tests
Type	Par 1		Par 2	X²	df	p
Univariate	p3	==	p17	3.215	1	0.073
Univariate	p4	==	p18	0.569	1	0.451
Total	p4	==				3.238	2	0.198

Fit indices
		95% Confidence Intervals
SRMR	RMSEA	Lower	Upper	RMSEA p
0.056	0.044	0.000	0.130	0.472

User model versus baseline model
	Model
Comparative Fit Index (CFI)	0.996
Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)	0.994
Bentler-Bonett Non-normed Fit Index (NNFI)	0.994
Relative Noncentrality Index (RNI)	0.996
Bentler-Bonett Normed Fit Index (NFI)	0.977
Bollen's Relative Fit Index (RFI)	0.965
Bollen's Incremental Fit Index (IFI)	0.996
Parsimony Normed Fit Index (PNFI)	0.651

Estimates

Measurement model
						95% Confidence Intervals
Group	Label	Latent	Observed	Estimate	SE	Lower	Upper	β	z	p
Female	a ( .p1. )	f1	read	1.00	0.0000	1.000	1.00	0.752
	p2		write	1.00	0.0000	1.000	1.00	0.837
	p3		math	1.01	0.0722	0.873	1.16	0.830	14.0	<.001
	p4		science	1.01	0.0764	0.858	1.16	0.790	13.2	<.001
Male	b ( .p15. )		read	1.00	0.0000	1.000	1.00	0.792
	p16		write	1.00	0.0000	1.000	1.00	0.792
	p3		math	1.01	0.0722	0.873	1.16	0.807	14.0	<.001
	p4		science	1.01	0.0764	0.858	1.16	0.778	13.2	<.001

Variances and Covariances
						95% Confidence Intervals
Group	Label	Variable 1	Variable 2	Estimate	SE	Lower	Upper	β	z	p
Female	p5	read	read	39.6	6.38	27.1	52.1	0.434	6.20	<.001
	p6	write	write	22.2	4.28	13.8	30.5	0.300	5.18	<.001
	p7	math	math	24.0	4.61	14.9	33.0	0.311	5.20	<.001
	p8	science	science	31.5	5.47	20.8	42.3	0.376	5.76	<.001
	p9	f1	f1	51.7	8.57	34.9	68.5	1.000	6.03	<.001
Male	p19	read	read	38.7	7.45	24.2	53.3	0.374	5.20	<.001
	p20	write	write	38.7	7.44	24.1	53.3	0.373	5.20	<.001
	p21	math	math	35.9	7.25	21.7	50.1	0.349	4.95	<.001
	p22	science	science	43.0	8.16	27.0	59.0	0.395	5.27	<.001
	p23	f1	f1	65.0	11.77	41.9	88.1	1.000	5.52	<.001

Intercepts
					95% Confidence Intervals
Group	Label	Variable	Intercept	SE	Lower	Upper	z	p
Female	p10	read	51.734	0.915	49.941	53.527	56.545	<.001
	p11	write	54.991	0.823	53.378	56.604	66.818	<.001
	p12	math	52.394	0.841	50.745	54.044	62.274	<.001
	p13	science	50.697	0.878	48.977	52.418	57.759	<.001
	p14	f1	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Male	p24	read	52.824	1.068	50.732	54.917	49.474	<.001
	p25	write	50.121	1.067	48.029	52.213	46.956	<.001
	p26	math	52.945	1.063	50.862	55.028	49.811	<.001
	p27	science	53.231	1.094	51.086	55.375	48.646	<.001
	p28	f1	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

References

[1] The jamovi project (2025). jamovi. (Version 2.7) [Computer Software]. Retrieved from https://www.jamovi.org.

[2] R Core Team (2025). R: A Language and environment for statistical computing. (Version 4.5) [Computer software]. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org. (R packages retrieved from CRAN snapshot 2025-05-25).

[3] Gallucci, M., Jentschke, S. (2021). SEMLj: jamovi SEM Analysis. [jamovi module]. For help please visit https://semlj.github.io/.

[4] Rosseel, Y. (2019). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1-36. link.